新型PTP 1B抑制剂喹啉腙及酰腙化合物的合成与活性研究

喹啉腙及喹啉酰腙类化合物具有广泛的生物活性。本文设计合成了29个未见报道的4-(2-芳基)喹啉芳腙和芳酰腙类化合物,采用光吸收检测法测试所合成化合物对蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶PTP 1B的抑制作用。结果表明,喹啉腙类化合物对PTP 1B具有显著的酶抑制作用,在20μg/mL浓度时,有21个化合物对PTP 1B抑制率在80%以上,其中化合物6q的活性(97.98%)最高。因此,这些化合物具有潜在的调节新陈代谢活性,为发展新的抗糖尿病、抗肿瘤药物提供了一定的研究基础。     

Molecular structural investigations of quinoxaline derivatives through 3D-QSAR,molecular docking,ADME prediction and pharmacophore modeling studies for the search of novel antimalarial agent

In the present article, a dataset of 63 quinoxaline derivatives were taken for antimalarial activity and pharmacophore were developed. Atom based method was used to develop a three dimensional quantitative structure activity relationship (3D-QSAR) model. On comparison of all statistical parameters, model AHRRR23 was found to be the most effective and predictive QSAR model as it satisfied all statistical parameters of a good model. The model AHRRR23 showed an adequate R² value for the training set 0.9446, good predictive power with Q² of 0.6409, good F- value, low SD 0.1218 value and outstanding Pearson-R values and low RMSE 0.2779 values of the model. The docking studies also gives very good results with good RMSD values. 3D QSAR, docking and ADME studies exhibits that the developed model could be employed as a potential lead for further study as antimalarial drug.     

槲皮素-3-O-丙基衍生物的合成及生物活性研究

槲皮素是具有丰富生物活性的黄酮类化合物,药理活性显著。本文以槲皮素为先导物,选择性对C环3位羟基进行修饰,以廉价的芦丁为原料,经苄基保护、Williamson成醚反应,再经Pd/C催化加氢脱苄基得到28个未见文献报道的槲皮素-3-O-丙基衍生物,其结构经¹H NMR、¹³C NMR、ESI-MS进行确证。采用MTT法考察了所合成化合物对人食管鳞癌（EC109）、人胃癌（HGC27）、人乳腺癌（MCF-7）、小鼠黑色素瘤（B16-F10）的增殖抑制作用。结果显示,通过化学方法对槲皮素结构进行修饰后,其体外抗肿瘤活性增强。其中,化合物F3(IC₅₀=5.23±0.37μmol/L)、F5(IC₅₀=2.63±0.09μmol/L)对小鼠黑色素瘤（B16-F10）抑制作用比5-氟尿嘧啶(IC₅₀=14.38±0.27μmol/L)好,值得进一步研究。     

An Expedient Method for the Umpolung Coupling of Enols with Heteronucleophiles**

In this paper, we present an unprecedented and general umpolung protocol that allows the functionalization of silyl enol ethers and of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds with a large range of heteroatom nucleophiles, including carboxylic acids, alcohols, primary and secondary amines, azide, thiols, and also anionic carbamates derived from CO₂. The scope of the reaction also extends to carbon-based nucleophiles. The reaction relies on the use of 1-bromo-3,3-dimethyl-1,3-dihydro-1λ³[d][1,2]iodaoxole, which provides a key α-brominated carbonyl intermediate. The reaction mechanism has been studied experimentally and by DFT, and we propose formation of an unusual enolonium intermediate with a halogen-bonded bromide.     

pH-Sensitive Dye-Polyether Derivatives as Dispersants for Its Parent Dye. Part 1: Synthesis and Hydrolysis Behavior

A series of dye-polyether derivatives, supposedly to be used as dispersants for parent dye, were synthesized by grafting poly(oxyalkylene)-amines based on differing both molecular weights and degrees of hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, onto C.I. disperse red 60 via a stable urea linkage. The structures of the dye-polyether derivatives were characterized by FTIR, ¹H NMR, and SEC. The influence of pH on the hydrolysis behaviors of the dye-polyether derivatives were studied in buffered aqueous solutions within the pH range of 4 to 10. The hydrolysis of dye-polyether derivatives was pH dependent and relatively faster in mild alkaline buffer solution than in acidic one. The influence of poly(oxyalkylene)-amine structure on the hydrolysis behavior was also investigated; it was found that the hydrolysis rate is affected little by the molecular weight and increases with the increasing hydrophilicity of the poly(oxyalkylene)-amine.     

Thermotropic liquid crystal behaviour of gemini imidazolium-based ionic amphiphiles

Thermotropic ionic liquid crystals (LCs) are useful for a number of applications such as anisotropic ion transport and as organised reaction media/solvents because of their ordered fluid properties and intrinsic charge units. A large number of different ionic LC architectures are known, but only a handful of examples of gemini (i.e. paired or dimeric) ionic LCs have been prepared and studied. In this work, a series of 20 new symmetric, imidazolium-based, gemini cationic LCs containing two bridged imidazolium cations and two pendant alkyl chains was synthesised, and the thermotropic LC behaviours were characterised. The imidazolium unit provides a highly tunable and modular platform for the design and synthesis of gemini cationic LCs which offers excellent structure control. As expected, the thermotropic LC properties of these new amphilphilic, gemini ionic LCs were found to be strongly influenced by the length of the spacer between the imidazolium units, the length of the pendant alkyl tails, and the nature of the anion. Smectic A (SmA) thermotropic LC phases were observed in more than half of the gemini imidazolium LC systems studied.     

Copper(I)-Catalyzed Cycloaddition of Methyl O-Propargylpodocarpate and Azides at Room Temperature

Copper iodide was employed as an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole derivatives of podocarpic acid at room temperature through “click” chemistry cycloaddition reactions of methyl O-propargylpodocarpate and propargyl O-propargylpodocarpate with azides.

Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Benzimidazole Derivatives

Synthesis of nine new benzimidazole derivatives was reported. The products were identified by ¹H NMR, mass spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy.     

DFT study of the physicochemical characteristics and spectral behavior of new 8‐substituted 1,3,7‐trimethylxanthines

Nine biologically active theophylline derivatives were investigated using quantum chemical methods (density functional theory level). All calculations were performed at B3LYP/6‐31G** level of theory. The electrostatic potential charges, highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)/lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) gap, dipole moment, vibration frequencies, and electronic spectra were calculated. Log P was determined by Ghose‐Crippen method. All of the compounds under study are polar and negatively charged, which is necessary for their interaction with the receptors/enzymes. Majority of the compounds are lipophilic and they can easily diffuse through the cell membrane. The observed differences between the calculated and the experimental vibration frequencies in the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra are established to be mainly in NH and OH bands, due to hydrogen bonds formation. The discrepancies between theoretical and experimental electronic spectra may be due to vibration effects and H‐bonding with the solvent molecules. The obtained results show that this type of spectrum is formed mainly by the xanthine fragment of the molecule, especially in the fingerprint region. All calculated properties could be useful for future qualitative‐structure activity relationship (QSAR) analysis. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

The role of benzoic acid in proline‐catalyzed asymmetric michael addition: A density functional theory study

In asymmetric Michael addition between ketones and nitroolefins catalyzed by L ‐proline, we observed that it was benzoic acid or its derivatives rather than other proton acid that could accelerate the reaction greatly, and different benzoic acid derivatives brought different yields. To explain the experimental phenomena, a density functional theory study was performed to elucidate the mechanism of proline‐catalyzed asymmetric Michael addition with benzoic acid. The results of the theoretical calculation at the level of B3LYP/6‐311+G(2df,p)//B3LYP/6‐31G(d) demonstrated that benzoic acid played two major roles in the formation of nitroalkane: assisting proton transfer and activating the nitro group. In the stage of enamine formation from imine, the energy profiles of benzoic acid derivatives were also calculated to investigate the reasons why different benzoic acid derivatives caused different yields. The results demonstrated that the pK_a value was the major factor for p‐substituted benzoic acid derivatives to improve the yields, whereas for m/o‐substituted benzoic acid derivatives, both pK_a value and electronic and steric effects could significantly increase the yields. The calculated results would be very helpful for understanding the reaction mechanism of Michael addition and provide some insights into the selection of efficient additives for similar experiments. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.